The dolphin is the common name of aquatic mammals within the infraorder Cetacea. The term dolphin usually refers to the existing families Delphinidae (ocean dolphins), Platanistidae (Indian river dolphins), called Iniidae (New World river dolphins), and Pontoporiidae(the brackish dolphins) and extinct or Chinese Lipotidae. There are 40 existing species called dolphins.

Dolphins size range from relatively small 1.7 metre long (5 feet 7 inches) and 50 kilograms (110 kilograms) of Maui dolphin to 9.5 metre (31 feet 2 inches) and 10 tons (11 short) ). tone) the killer whale. Dolphins can sometimes jump about 30 feet (9.1 m). Several species of dolphins show sexual dimorphism because males are larger than females. They have streamlined bodies and two limbs that are modified into flippers. Although not as flexible as seals, some dolphins can travel 29 kilometres(18 mi) per hour for short distances. Dolphins use their conical teeth to capture fast-moving prey. They have well-developed hearing, which is adapted to both air and water and is so well developed that some can survive even if they are blind. Some species are well adapted for diving at great depths. Have a layer of fat or blubber, under the skin to keep warm in cold water.

Although dolphins are widespread, most species prefer the warmer waters of the tropics, but some, such as the right-whale dolphin, prefer a colder climates. Dolphins feed heavily on fish and squid, but few, such as killer whale, feed on large mammals, such as seals. Male dolphins usually mate with several females each year, but females only mate every two to three years. Calves are usually born in the spring and summer months, and females have every responsibility for raising them. Mothers of some species feed their young quickly and for a relatively long period of time. Dolphins produce a variety of vocalizations, usually in the form of clicks and whistles.

Dolphins are sometimes hunted in places like Japan, in an activity known as dolphin hunting. In addition to hunting while driving, they also face threats from bycatch, habitat loss, and marine pollution. Dolphins are described in different cultures around the world. Dolphins sometimes appear in literature and cinema, as in the Free Willy film series. Dolphins are sometimes held captivity and trained to perform tricks. The most common species of captivity dolphins is the bottlenose dolphin, while in captivity, there are about 60 killer whales.

The name is originally from Greek δελφίς (delphís), “dolphin,” which was related to the Greek δελφύς (delphus), “womb”. Therefore, the name of the animal can be interpreted as meaning “fish with a belly.” The name is transmitted from the Latin delphinus (later romanization of the Greek δελδνος – dolphin), which in Medieval Latin became dolfinus and daulphin from Old French, which again introduced ph in the word “Dolphin.” The term mereswine (meaning “sea pig”) has also been used historically.

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