An electric guitar, unlike a conventional acoustic guitar, requires additional amplification to be heard at standard performance volumes. It uses one or more pickups to convert the vibrations of its strings into electrical impulses, which are subsequently reproduced as sound by loudspeakers. It varies from an acoustic guitar in that the sound may be sculpted or altered electronically to generate a variety of timbres and tonal qualities. This is usually done by employing effects such as reverb, distortion, and “overdrive,” the latter of which is considered a fundamental component of electric blues and rock guitar playing.

Jazz guitarists who wanted to execute single-note guitar solos in large big band groupings popularised the electric guitar, which was created in 1932. Les Paul, Lonnie Johnson, Sister Rosetta Tharpe, T-Bone Walker, and Charlie Christian were among the first to record using an electric guitar. During the 1950s and 1960s, the electric guitar became the most popular instrument in popular music. It has evolved into a versatile instrument capable of producing a broad range of sounds and styles in a variety of genres, including pop, rock, country, blues, and jazz. Electric blues, rock & roll, rock music, heavy metal music, and a range of other musical genres were all influenced by it.

In electric guitar design and manufacture, the shape of the body, as well as the layout of the neck, bridge, and pickups, varies greatly. Guitars have either a fixed bridge or a spring-loaded hinged bridge, which allows players to “bend” the pitch of notes or chords up or down, as well as perform vibrato effects. The sound of an electric guitar may be altered by new playing techniques such as string bending, tapping, and hammering-on, as well as auditory feedback and slide guitar playing.

The six-string guitar (the most common type), which is usually tuned E, B, G, D, A, E, from highest to lowest strings; the seven-string guitar, which typically adds a low B string below the low E; the eight-string guitar, which typically adds a low E or F# string below the low B; and the nine-string guitar, which adds a low E or F# string below the low B; and the nine-string guitar, which adds a low E

In pop and rock music, the electric guitar is commonly used in two ways: as a rhythm guitar, which plays chord sequences or progressions, riffs, and sets the beat (as part of a rhythm section); and as a lead guitar, which provides instrumental melody lines, melodic instrumental fill passages, and solos. In a small group, such as a power trio, one guitarist rotates between the two positions. In big rock and metal bands, a rhythm guitarist and a lead guitarist are commonly encountered.

Several attempts to electrically augment the vibrations of a string instrument have been made since the early twentieth century. According to patents from the 1910s, telephone transmitters were modified and put inside violins and banjos to improve sound. Carbon button microphones installed on the bridge were used by enthusiasts in the 1920s, but they picked up vibrations from the instrument’s upper bridge, resulting in a weak signal.

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