A domesticated one-toed hoofed mammal, the horse (Equus ferus caballus) is a domesticated one-toed hoofed mammal. It is one of two surviving subspecies of Equus ferus and belongs to the taxonomic family Equidae. Over the last 45 to 55 million years, the horse has evolved from Eohippus, a tiny multi-toed species, to the massive, single-toed animal it is today. Horses were first domesticated by humans approximately 4000 BC, and their domestication was commonplace by 3000 BC. Although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses, horses in the subspecies caballus are tamed.

The phrase “genuine wild horse” refers to horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski’s horse, a distinct subspecies, and the last truly wild horse. Equine-related topics are described using a large, specialized language that covers everything from anatomy to life phases, size, colors, markings, breeds, movement, and behavior.

Horses have evolved to run, allowing them to flee predators rapidly. They also have a good sense of balance and a powerful fight-or-flight reaction. Horses have an uncommon feature that allows them to sleep both standing and lying down, with younger horses sleeping much more than adults. This is related to their need to run from predators in the wild.

Horses have an uncommon feature that allows them to sleep both standing and lying down, with younger horses sleeping much more than adults. This is related to their need to run from predators in the wild.

Mares, or female horses, carry their offspring for around 11 months, and a foal, or young horse, may stand and run immediately after birth. Between the ages of two and four, most domesticated horses begin saddle or harness training. They attain complete adult development by the age of five and live for 25 to 30 years on average.

Energetic “hot bloods” with speed and endurance; “cold bloods,” such as draft horses and certain ponies, ideal for slow, heavy labor; and “warmbloods,” developed from crosses between hot bloods and cold bloods, typically focused on developing breeds for specialized riding uses, notably in Europe. There are about 300 horse breeds in the world today, designed for a variety of purposes.

Horses and humans engage in a wide range of sporting events and non-competitive leisure pastimes, as well as in professional settings, including law enforcement, agriculture, entertainment, and therapy. Horses have long been employed in combat, and as a result, a diverse range of riding and driving tactics have evolved, employing a variety of equipment and control systems.

Meat, milk, hide, hair, bone, and medicines taken from the urine of pregnant mares are just a few of the items obtained from horses. Domesticated horses get food, drink, and shelter from humans, as well as medical treatment from experts like veterinarians and farriers.

The highest point of the withers, where the neck joins the back, is used to determine a horse’s height. This point is chosen because, unlike the head or neck, which move up and down in relation to the horse’s body, it is a stable point of anatomy.

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