Lipstick is a cosmetic that adds color, texture, and protection to the lips.

The lipstick is available in a wide range of colors and designs. Some lipsticks also function as lip balms, giving both color and hydration.

Although the term was originally used to a baton (stick) of material contained within a tubular container with a diameter of 10mm and a length of 50mm, it is now applied to the substance itself, regardless of the application method.

Ancient Sumerian men and women may have been the first to design and wear lipstick some 5,000 years ago. They crushed jewels and adorned their faces with them, particularly around the lips and eyes. To color their lips crimson, Cleopatra and other Egyptians crushed bugs (carmine). It’s conceivable that women in the Indus Valley Civilization wore lipstick made from rectangular ochre chunks with beveled edges. Ancient Egyptians used lipstick to denote social status rather than gender. The red dye was produced from fucus-algin, 0.01 percent iodine, and a small amount of bromine mannite, but it made people sick. Initially, dazzling lipsticks were created using an iridescent substance found in fish scales.

The Minoan women used bright crimson lipstick on their lips. Lip paint was once only available to prostitutes and courtesans in ancient Greece, but it was made available to the upper class between 700 and 300 BCE. Greek ladies painted their lips with cosmetics using Tyrian purple, crushed mulberries, and the deadly pigment vermilion.

To protect the delicate skin of the lips, the Chinese invented some of the first beeswax lipsticks over 1,000 years ago. During the Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE), scent oils were added to them, giving them an attractive flavor.

Aboriginal girls in Australia would use ochre to paint their mouths crimson for puberty rites.

Lip coloring became popular in England in the 16th century. During Queen Elizabeth I’s reign, bright red lips, and a stark white face were fashionable. Lipstick was made from a combination of beeswax and natural red stains at the time. Only upper-class females and male actors wore makeup.

In Britain, the obvious use of cosmetics was associated with disadvantaged groups such as actors and prostitutes during the majority of the nineteenth century, and it was not considered suitable for respectable women. It was considered bold and rude to use makeup. In the 1850s, reports were published warning women about the dangers of using lead and vermilion in their cosmetics. Toward the end of the nineteenth century, Guerlain, a French cosmetics company, began manufacturing lipstick. In 1884, perfumers in Paris, France, created the first commercial lipstick. It was wrapped in silk paper and made of deer tallow, castor oil, and beeswax. Previously, lipstick was produced at home. By 1921, the unmasked use of cosmetics appeared to have gained total acceptance in England for the sophisticated Londoner.

In the nineteenth century, the carmine dye was used to color lipstick. The carmine hue was created using cochineal, a scale insect native to Mexico and Central America that feeds on cactus plants. Cochineal insects produce carminic acid to defend themselves from predatory insects.

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