The Samoyed is a medium-sized herding dog with a double-layer coat that is thick and white. They are related to the spitz-type dog, the laika.

It is named after the Siberian Samoyedic people. The fluffy white canines were bred by these nomadic reindeer herders to aid in herding.

The Samoyed has been recognized as a base breed that predates the 19th century development of current breeds. It is a member of the spitz or northern dog family, especially the laikas, a Eurasian dog breed used for hunting, herding, guarding, and sledding. The Samoyed is derived from the Nenets herding laika, a dog that comes in a range of colors in addition to white. The Samoyed, like many other breeds, was developed from a limited number of founders (in this case, from Siberia).

Samoyeds were initially employed by the Samoyede people of Siberia for hunting, herding reindeer, and pulling sledges.

Males must weigh 45–65 pounds (20–29 kg) and have a shoulder measurement of 21–23.5 inches (53–60 cm), while girls must weigh 35–50 pounds (16–23 kg) and have a shoulder measurement of 19–21 inches (48–53 cm). Males must be 51–56 centimetres (20–22 in) tall, while females must be 46–51 centimetres (18–20 in) tall, according to the UK Kennel Club Standard.

One of the breed’s defining characteristics is the Samoyed tail. The Samoyed tail, like that of the Alaskan Malamute, is coiled over the back; however, unlike the Alaskan Malamute, the Samoyed tail actually touches the back. It is generally carried laying over the back and to one side, rather than in a tight curl or held flag-like. Samoyeds may sleep with their tails over their noses to give extra warmth in chilly weather. When they are comfortable and at peace, such as when being stroked or feeding, almost all Samoyeds will let their tails droop, but when they are more attentive, they will curl them back up.

Samoyeds have a double-layered, thick coat. Long, coarse, and straight guard hairs seem white but with a touch of silver colour in the topcoat. The undercoat is kept reasonably clean and clear of dirt by this top layer. The undercoat, also known as the underlayer, is a thick, soft, and short layer of fur that keeps the dog warm.

The undercoat usually loses significantly once or twice a year, and this seasonal process is known as “blowing coat.” This does not mean that the Samoyed will just shed during that period; fine hairs (as opposed to the thick clumps shed during seasonal shedding) shed all year and have a tendency to cling to cloth and float in the air. Although pure white and all biscuit dogs are popular, the typical Samoyed may come in a blend of biscuit and white colors.

Males’ ruffs are generally bigger than females’. While this breed is advertised as “hypoallergenic,” it does shed a lot and requires a lot of care. While the breed may generate less allergens, severe allergies should be avoided.

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